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Matthew Doggett
PRISM Climate Group
(541) 737-2531
NACSE, 2001 Kelley Engr Center
Oregon State University
Corvallis
OR
97331
US
doggett@nacse.org
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PRISM Mean Annual Precipitation 1991_2020
2022-12-05
PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University
PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University
Corvallis, OR, USA
maps and data
<div style='text-align:Left;'><div><div><p><span>Monthly 30-year "normal" dataset covering the conterminous U.S., averaged over the climatological period 1991-2020. Contains spatially gridded average annual total precipitation at 4km grid cell resolution. Distribution of the point measurements to the spatial grid was accomplished using the PRISM model, developed and applied by Dr. Christopher Daly of the PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University. This dataset is available free-of-charge on the PRISM website.</span></p></div></div></div>
Display and/or analysis requiring spatially distributed annual total precipitation for the climatological period 1991-2020.
US Census Bureau
Conterminous US
PRISM Climate Group
precipitation
precipitation
Conterminous US
<div style='text-align:Left;'><div><div><p><span>Acknowledgement of the following agencies in products derived from these data: PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University.</span></p><p><span>Disclaimer: This GIS data is intended to provide a visual display of data for the user's convenience. Users of this data are hereby notified that the appropriate public primary information sources should be consulted for verification of the information. Although every reasonable effort has been made to assure the accuracy of this data, Napa County makes no warranty, representation or guaranty as to the content, sequence, accuracy, timeliness or completeness of any of the data provided herein and explicitly disclaims any representations and warranties, including, without limitation, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Napa County assumes no liability for any errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in the information provided regardless of how caused and assumes no liability for any decisions made or actions taken or not taken by the user of the data in reliance upon any information or data furnished hereunder. Because the GIS data provided is not warranted to be up-to-date, the user should check with the County staff for updated information.</span></p></div></div></div>
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2020-12-31
There are many methods of interpolating climate from monitoring stations to grid points. Some provide estimates of acceptable accuracy in flat terrain, but few have been able to adequately explain the extreme, complex variations in climate that occur in mountainous regions. Significant progress in this area has been achieved through the development of PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model). PRISM is an analytical model that uses point data and an underlying grid such as a digital elevation model (DEM) or a 30 yr climatological average to generate gridded estimates of monthly or annual precipitation and temperature (as well as other climatic parameters). PRISM is well suited to regions with mountainous terrain, because it incorporates a conceptual framework that addresses the spatial scale and pattern of orographic processes. Grids were modeled on a monthly basis. Annual grids were produced by averaging (temperatures, dew point, vapor pressure deficit, and solar radiation) or summing (precipitation) the monthly grids.
These gridded normals supersede the 1991-2020 normals produced in October 2021. Improvements over the previous version include more stable adjustments of short-period station data to represent the 1991-2020 period, and additional quality control measures.
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PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University, 2025
All data were based on the same averaging period (1991-2020). Similar quality assurance procedures were used with all input data sets.
Point estimates originated from many federal, state, and local weather networks. A list of networks is available from https://www.prism.oregonstate.edu/documents/PRISM_datasets.pdf. All station data were subjected to quality control checks by the PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University.
This dataset is considered complete. Please view the logic section of this document for further information.
Accuracy of this data set is based on the original specification of the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) 1 degree digital elevation models (DEM). The stated accuracy of the original DEMs are 130 m circular error with 90% probability.
Please view the logic section of this document for further information.
United States Average Annual Total Precipitation, 1991-2020 (4km; ASCII GRID)
PRISM Climate Group
2022-12-05
PRISM Climate Group
publication date
1991-01-01
2020-12-31
This data set was created via the PRISM modeling process. Please view the abstract section of this document for more information.
2022-08-30
PRISM Climate Group
Raster data representing climate variables
Spatially gridded values
[1] Daly, C., Halbleib, M., Smith, J.I., Gibson, W.P., Doggett, M.K., Taylor, G.H., Curtis, J., and Pasteris, P.A. 2008. Physiographically-sensitive mapping of temperature and precipitation across the conterminous United States. International Journal of Climatology, 28: 2031-2064.
[2] Daly, C., J.I. Smith, and K.V. Olson. 2015. Mapping atmospheric moisture climatologies across the conterminous United States. PloS ONE 10(10):e0141140. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141140.
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